点击选择搜索分类
首页 - 绘画- 正文
☆☆☆☆☆
||
[美] 科瑞兹斯(Kiritsis E.) 著
出版社: 世界图书出版公司 ISBN:9787510058110 版次:1 商品编码:11316306 包装:平装 外文名称:String Theory in a Nutshell 开本:16开 出版时间:2013-03-01 用纸:胶版纸 页数:588 正文语种:英文
1.i Prehistory
1.2 The Case for String Theory
1.3 A Stringy Historical Perspective
1.4 Conventions
Bibliography
2 Classical String Theory
2.1 The Point Particle
2.2 Relativistic Strings
2.3 0scillator Expansions
2.3.1 00sed strings
2.3.2 0pen strings
2.3.3 The Virasoro constraints
Bibliography
Exercises
3 Quantization of Bosonic Strings
3.1 Covariant Canonical Quantization
3.2 Light-cone Quantization
3.3 Spectrum of the Bosonic String
3.4 Unoriented Strings
3.4. 1 0pen. strings and Chan-Patonfactors
3.5 Path Integral Quantization
3.6 Topologically Nontrivial World-sheets
3.7 BRST Primer
3.8 BRST in String Theory and the Physical Spectrum
Bibliography
Exercises
4 Conformal Field Theory
4.1 Conformal Transformations
4.1.1 The case oftwo dimensions
4.2 Conformally Invariant Field Theory
4.3 Radial Quantization
4.4 Mode Expansions
4.5 The Virasoro Algebra and the Central Charge
4.6 The Hilbert Space
4.7 The Free Boson
4.8 The Free Fermion
4.9 The Conformal Anomaly
4.10 Representations of the Conformal Algebra
4.11 Affine Current Algebras
4.12 Free Fermions and O(N) Affine Symmetry
4.13 Superconformal Symmetry
4.13.1 N =(1.0)2 SIAperconformal symmetry
4.13.2 N =(2.0)2 superconformal symmetry
4.13.3 N =(4.0)2 superconformal symmetry
4.14 Scalars with Background Charge
4.15 The CFT of Ghosts
4.16 CFT on the Disk
4.16.1 Free massless bosons on the dislc
4.16.2 Free masslessfern竹ions on the dislc
4.16.3 The projective plane
4.17 CFT on the Torus
4.18 Compact Scalars
4.18.1 Modular invariance
4.18.2 Decompaaification
4.18.3 The torus propagator
4.18.4 Marginal deformations
4.18.5 Multiple compaa scalars
4.18.6 Enhanced symmetry and the string Brout-Englert-lliggs effea
4.18.7 T-duality
4.19 Free Fermions on the Torus
4.20 Bosonization
4.20. 1 "Bosonization " of bosonic ghost system
4.21 0rbifolds
……
5 Scattering Amplitudes and 'Vertex Operators
6 Strings in Background Fields
7 Superstrings and Supersymmetry
8 D-branes
9 Compactifications and Supersymmetry Breaking
10 Loop Corrections to String Effective Couplings
11 Duality Connections and Nonperturbative Effects
12 Black Holes and Entropy in String Theory
13 The Bulk/Boundary Correspondence
14 String theroy and Matrix Models
This is a textbook on the collection of ideas categorized under the name of "string theory." This is a large domain that has as its central goal the unification of all interactions induding gravity. There have been several surges ofprogress in different directions in the past twentyyears, and this book tries to give the student ofthe field some ofthe salientideas.
It is not the purpose of this book to provide deep insights into the theory. I can only leave this to more competent colleagues. Its purpose is to provide the fastest possible introduction to the basic formalism and structure of string theory and its main properties and ramifications that are on a reasonably solid footing today.
This effort is unlike writing a textbook about the Standard Model of the fundamental interactions. It is less clear here what will turn out to be just mathematics, what will transform into real physics, and what will be neither ofthe above. However, the scope and deep interest of the endeavor, namely, to understand the basic mysteries of the universe at the most fundamental level, has driven more than a generation ofbright physicists and has provided breakthroughs in our theoretical understanding of both gravitational and gauge theories. It is this interest that drives researchers today, together with the hope that the theory will eventually be seriously confronted with experimental data.
There are several current and past areas of research in string theory .that have not been treated in this book. The reasons were varied. They include the subjects of the Feynman diagrams, it is obvious that there is essentially a universal three-point interaction in the theory. This interaction is dictated by the two-dimensional geometry of closed Riemann surfaces as is obvious from figure 1.2. The other related reason is the presence of an infinite tower of excitations with masses in multiples of the string scale. Their interactions are carefully tuned to become soft at distances larger than the string length ~s but still longer than the Planck length ~P.
For open strings the situation is subtler. There, UV divergences are present, but are interpreted as IR closed-string divergences in the dual dosed-string channel. This UV-IR open-dosed string duality is at the heart of many of the recent developments in the field.
Another key ingredient ofstring theoryis that it unifies gravity with gauge interactions. It does this in several different ways. The simplest is via the traditional KK approach. Super-string theory typically is defined in ten dimensions. Standard four-dimensional vacua can be obtained via compactification on a six-dimensional compact manifold. However, gauge symmetry can also arise from D-branes that sometimes are part of the vacuum (as in orientifolds). There is even gauge symmetry coming from a nongeometrical part of the theory as happens in the heterotic string. The unified origin of gravity and gauge symmetry extends even further to other interactions. For example, the Yukawa interac-tions, crucial for giving mass to the SM particles, are also intimately related to the gauge interactions.
Unlike earlier Kaluza-Klein approaches to unification, string theory is capable of pro-viding, upon appropriate compactifications, chiral matter in four dimensions. This hap-pens via a subtle interplay between anomaly-related interactions and the process of compactification.
Another characteristic ingredient of string theory is that the presence of space-time fermions in the theory implies the appearance o
物理学经典教材(影印版):弦论 [String Theory in a Nutshell] 电子书 下载 mobi epub pdf txt
物理学经典教材(影印版):弦论 [String Theory in a Nutshell]-so88
物理学经典教材(影印版):弦论 [String Theory in a Nutshell] pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2022
图书介绍
☆☆☆☆☆
||
[美] 科瑞兹斯(Kiritsis E.) 著
出版社: 世界图书出版公司 ISBN:9787510058110 版次:1 商品编码:11316306 包装:平装 外文名称:String Theory in a Nutshell 开本:16开 出版时间:2013-03-01 用纸:胶版纸 页数:588 正文语种:英文
内容简介
This is a textbook on the collection ofideas categorized under the name of "string theory." This is a large domain that has as its central goal the unification ofallinteractions including gravity. There have been several surges ofprogress in different directions in the past twenty years, and this book tries to give the student ofthe field some of the salientideas.内页插图
目录
1 Introduction1.i Prehistory
1.2 The Case for String Theory
1.3 A Stringy Historical Perspective
1.4 Conventions
Bibliography
2 Classical String Theory
2.1 The Point Particle
2.2 Relativistic Strings
2.3 0scillator Expansions
2.3.1 00sed strings
2.3.2 0pen strings
2.3.3 The Virasoro constraints
Bibliography
Exercises
3 Quantization of Bosonic Strings
3.1 Covariant Canonical Quantization
3.2 Light-cone Quantization
3.3 Spectrum of the Bosonic String
3.4 Unoriented Strings
3.4. 1 0pen. strings and Chan-Patonfactors
3.5 Path Integral Quantization
3.6 Topologically Nontrivial World-sheets
3.7 BRST Primer
3.8 BRST in String Theory and the Physical Spectrum
Bibliography
Exercises
4 Conformal Field Theory
4.1 Conformal Transformations
4.1.1 The case oftwo dimensions
4.2 Conformally Invariant Field Theory
4.3 Radial Quantization
4.4 Mode Expansions
4.5 The Virasoro Algebra and the Central Charge
4.6 The Hilbert Space
4.7 The Free Boson
4.8 The Free Fermion
4.9 The Conformal Anomaly
4.10 Representations of the Conformal Algebra
4.11 Affine Current Algebras
4.12 Free Fermions and O(N) Affine Symmetry
4.13 Superconformal Symmetry
4.13.1 N =(1.0)2 SIAperconformal symmetry
4.13.2 N =(2.0)2 superconformal symmetry
4.13.3 N =(4.0)2 superconformal symmetry
4.14 Scalars with Background Charge
4.15 The CFT of Ghosts
4.16 CFT on the Disk
4.16.1 Free massless bosons on the dislc
4.16.2 Free masslessfern竹ions on the dislc
4.16.3 The projective plane
4.17 CFT on the Torus
4.18 Compact Scalars
4.18.1 Modular invariance
4.18.2 Decompaaification
4.18.3 The torus propagator
4.18.4 Marginal deformations
4.18.5 Multiple compaa scalars
4.18.6 Enhanced symmetry and the string Brout-Englert-lliggs effea
4.18.7 T-duality
4.19 Free Fermions on the Torus
4.20 Bosonization
4.20. 1 "Bosonization " of bosonic ghost system
4.21 0rbifolds
……
5 Scattering Amplitudes and 'Vertex Operators
6 Strings in Background Fields
7 Superstrings and Supersymmetry
8 D-branes
9 Compactifications and Supersymmetry Breaking
10 Loop Corrections to String Effective Couplings
11 Duality Connections and Nonperturbative Effects
12 Black Holes and Entropy in String Theory
13 The Bulk/Boundary Correspondence
14 String theroy and Matrix Models
精彩书摘
Although I wrote a short textbook in 1997, I have not yet learned my lesson. Therefore, I embarked on a direct confrontation with deadlines that, although not as spectacular as the ones in Polchinski's book, managed to wreak havoc on my academic and personal schedule. i have not even put sufhcient credence in a colleague's statement "it is never too late to stop writing a book." I can only hope now that the result was worth the effort.This is a textbook on the collection of ideas categorized under the name of "string theory." This is a large domain that has as its central goal the unification of all interactions induding gravity. There have been several surges ofprogress in different directions in the past twentyyears, and this book tries to give the student ofthe field some ofthe salientideas.
It is not the purpose of this book to provide deep insights into the theory. I can only leave this to more competent colleagues. Its purpose is to provide the fastest possible introduction to the basic formalism and structure of string theory and its main properties and ramifications that are on a reasonably solid footing today.
This effort is unlike writing a textbook about the Standard Model of the fundamental interactions. It is less clear here what will turn out to be just mathematics, what will transform into real physics, and what will be neither ofthe above. However, the scope and deep interest of the endeavor, namely, to understand the basic mysteries of the universe at the most fundamental level, has driven more than a generation ofbright physicists and has provided breakthroughs in our theoretical understanding of both gravitational and gauge theories. It is this interest that drives researchers today, together with the hope that the theory will eventually be seriously confronted with experimental data.
There are several current and past areas of research in string theory .that have not been treated in this book. The reasons were varied. They include the subjects of the Feynman diagrams, it is obvious that there is essentially a universal three-point interaction in the theory. This interaction is dictated by the two-dimensional geometry of closed Riemann surfaces as is obvious from figure 1.2. The other related reason is the presence of an infinite tower of excitations with masses in multiples of the string scale. Their interactions are carefully tuned to become soft at distances larger than the string length ~s but still longer than the Planck length ~P.
For open strings the situation is subtler. There, UV divergences are present, but are interpreted as IR closed-string divergences in the dual dosed-string channel. This UV-IR open-dosed string duality is at the heart of many of the recent developments in the field.
Another key ingredient ofstring theoryis that it unifies gravity with gauge interactions. It does this in several different ways. The simplest is via the traditional KK approach. Super-string theory typically is defined in ten dimensions. Standard four-dimensional vacua can be obtained via compactification on a six-dimensional compact manifold. However, gauge symmetry can also arise from D-branes that sometimes are part of the vacuum (as in orientifolds). There is even gauge symmetry coming from a nongeometrical part of the theory as happens in the heterotic string. The unified origin of gravity and gauge symmetry extends even further to other interactions. For example, the Yukawa interac-tions, crucial for giving mass to the SM particles, are also intimately related to the gauge interactions.
Unlike earlier Kaluza-Klein approaches to unification, string theory is capable of pro-viding, upon appropriate compactifications, chiral matter in four dimensions. This hap-pens via a subtle interplay between anomaly-related interactions and the process of compactification.
Another characteristic ingredient of string theory is that the presence of space-time fermions in the theory implies the appearance o
前言/序言
物理学经典教材(影印版):弦论 [String Theory in a Nutshell] 电子书 下载 mobi epub pdf txt
电子书下载地址:
相关电子书推荐:
- 文件名
- 薛定谔的猫:改变物理学的50个实验
- 冒险岛数学奇遇记13 [7-10岁]
- 侏罗纪猎杀-恐龙大陆-儿童视觉大系
- 酷虫学校(7):非同一般的飞虫班(上 注音版) [7-10岁]
- 新华正版童书什么是什么AR特别版德国少儿百科知识全书全套6册3-6-8岁儿童科普百科全书
- 天津地图2017版天津CITY 城市地图 交通 旅游 生活 覆膜防水耐折 赠送交通线路
- BF-毒性大案-世界毒物全史-21-30卷-史志诚 西北大学出版社 97875604385
- 人生八味
- 满58包邮 推动丛书物理系列:亚原子粒子的发现 9787535795090 斯蒂芬温伯格
- 科学超入门,1:电,法拉第博士,电是什么? [3-6岁]
- 疯狂科学(彩色典藏版)
- 你就是想得太多 克服负面情绪放下心灵包袱 从此以后不再胡思乱想 少有人走的路 心灵鸡汤
- {RT}破译者:从古埃及法老到量子时代的密码史:the history of code a
- 英国少儿插画百科 世界历史(1500年至今) [6-12岁]
- 基因论